Light, a fundamental constant, has captivated human intrigue for centuries. From the ethereal glow of a sunrise to the subtle nuances of a twilight sky, light illuminates our world in ways both apparent and unseen. Through the lens of science, we begin to understand the intricate operations that go

Before the age of electricity sparkled our cities in a golden glow. Lanterns cast eerie shadows on cobblestone streets, but inside homes, a different kind of light source reigned supreme: the pipe lamp. These ingenious devices, often constructed from simple materials like pipes and glass, provided a